Introduction - Building Relationships and Ensuring Equal Access
In Health and Social Care, effective communication goes beyond the knowledge and expertise used to incorporate communication to interact and gain experiences from the service users. In a healthcare setup, care workers must have the ability to understand and value others’ needs. In any health and social care scenario, like NHS, England, confrontations and disagreements among service users and care providers. With the implementation of effective communication skills, service providers can defuse any challenges at workplace setup and can provide effective healthcare services and support to the service seekers based on their specific needs. In this report, focus will be given on the importance of communication in health and social care scenarios, and different methods and approaches by which care providers can develop and implement effective communication at service provision.
Discussion
Reason of Communication in Health and Social Care
In health and social care setup, care providers use communication skills to provide medical as well as emotional support to the service users, by protecting their integrity, and valuing their requirements. The quality of communication in health and social care scenarios is important as it affects the quality of care being provided to individuals with specific needs.
The reasons of communication in health and social care setup are:
Help the service seekers- with proper communication skills and abilities, health and social care workers can interact with patients to understand their health and mental status, needs, and requirements (Schiavo, 2013). This in turn can help care providers plan the care approaches accordingly so that the patient can get quality care and medical support. In the UK, person-centered care is one of the important target services in the healthcare system. With effective communication skills, people can say their own care needs.
Ease the anxiety- in the UK health care system, anxiety, and depression are more prevalent than ever before. According to the article published in the Financial Times, in the UK, one of the most prevalent mental health scenarios is depression and anxiety among people of all ages (Morgan et al., ., 2017). On the other hand, as per the report published by the UK govt website, 40% of the older population in the UK, living t care homes are suffering from depression (Moudatsou et al., 2020). With communication between care providers and care users, health and social care workers can reduce the feeling of loneliness among the elderly population and motivate them to socialize. Proper communication in health and social care can address the reason for the onset of depression and anxiety among individuals and can mitigate the fear and stigma surrounding the change in circumstances.
Apart from these, with proper verbal communication Health care workers can find out about the problems and needs of the patients, and can design care plans by:
Discussion of the treatment plan with patients
Giving instructions about the plan to care workers
Discussing problems related to the plan with the supervisor
Design an appropriate person-centric care approach for the patient.
Impact of Communication on Relationships in the Work Setting
Figure 1: Types of Communication
In the UK healthcare system, communication plays an important role in building and maintaining relationships between the health and social care workers, healthcare professionals, and patients. For example, with effective communication, healthcare workers can understand the requirements of the patients better, and inform the needs of professionals, which can ultimately foster the development of a better-personalized care plan (Gradinger et al., 2015). Additionally, with an effective communication plan, healthcare providers can build trust and respect between the service users and service seekers (Morgan et al., 2017). In health and social care settings, communication can be divided into two categories:
Communication between the health and social care workers
Communication between the patient, family members, and health and social care workers
According to the WHO (World Health Organisation), communication has fostered the relationship between patients and healthcare workers over time. In the past, patients were used to look at their healthcare worker as paternalistic and dogmatic (Nutbeam and Lloyd, 2021). However, nowadays patient look to their healthcare worker to help them navigate through the expected communication and complicated system that should be based on shared decision-making. Effective communication can enable the exchange of clear information and instruction among the care providers and users as per their needs; and create a provision of direct or indirect emotional support to the patient, family members, and colleagues at healthcare support (Reddy and Gupta, 2020). This approach in turn can make the relationship between care workers and patients strong, and trustworthy.
Approaches to managing challenges in health and social care setup
Figure 2: Health System Resilience to manage challenges
Like any other workplace setup, confrontation and disagreements are common in any health and social care scenario. To defuse the challenges in the respective sector or workplace setup, effective communication will be the most important aspect to address the challenges (Bensliman et al., 2022). One of the approaches to managing the challenges in health and social care is to promote a clear and open line of interaction among healthcare workers, healthcare professionals, patients, and family members. For example, regular team meetings and follow-ups can allow a clear exchange of information and promote a collaborative approach to solving problems related to the treatment plan.
Training programs on developing effective communication skills can enhance the interactive scenario among the care workers and patients, which in turn can improve the overall quality of care service (Wright, 2020). For example, open and transparent communication with patients about their health needs and status can foster the effective development of care plans and promote trustworthiness among patients and care workers. This can also help to overcome the disagreements regarding care plans between patients and care providers to a considerable extent.
Establishment of communication and language wishes and preferences of individuals to communicate effectively.
Figure 3: Effective Communication in health and social care
To ensure effective communication in health and social care setup, it is important to identify, value, and respect the language and communication wishes of the patients. To fulfill the wishes and preferences, focus can be given to the below plan:
Conduct regular assessments and discussions with the patient- it can help to understand their preferences, including language choices, communication aids, and nonverbal cues. For example, a patient with limited proficiency in the English language can foster the care workers to give them interpreters or translators to communicate with healthcare professionals regarding his treatment plan (Mackreth and Walker, 2020).
Developing a supportive and inclusive environment at health care setup- tailoring the communication wishes and preferences of healthcare users, can foster the development of an inclusive environment which can enhance the overall quality of care and can promote patient-centric approaches in the care setup (Ramsey et al., 2022).
Factors for promoting effective communication.
Communication in health and social care setup can be carried out in different forms and styles, based on:
The status of patients
The type of messages being conveyed (for example, information related to the medicine dosage, delivery timing, and so on)
The factors that should be included to promote effective communication are:
Clarity- use of clear and concise language, and avoid of jargon can ensure clarity in the flow of information between sender and receivers (Ramsey et al., 2022).
Develop an inclusive environment- healthcare workers should promote an empathetic, and supportive environment where every individual will be encouraged to listen to others and express their feelings openly (Zahoor, 2021).
Use of communication aids- use of visual aids for those who have listening or observation impairments, use of translators to encourage individuals with a lack of proficiency in the English language to interact freely (Cantaert et al., 2022)
Regular training and professional development program- with regular training and development programs, care workers can help the staff develop their communication skills and cultural competencies.
Additionally, accuracy and consistency are two important factors when it comes to promoting effective communication in health and social care setups. According to the National Health Service, England, transparency, and consistency in the flow of information are the keys to public and patient participation and it is the way by which quality and sustainable care and support can be provided (Cantaert et al., 2022).
Range of communication methods and styles to meet the individual needs
In health and social care setup, there are different ranges and styles of communication being used to meet the communication needs and preferences of individuals. There are different methods of communication, which include:
Verbal communication
Non-verbal communication
Visual communication
Listening
Written communication
Some of the methods or styles are:
Verbal communication- Speaking and listening to one another are some of the most important and common methods or styles of communication in health and social care setups. For health and social care workers, it is important to speak slowly, and clearly, by avoiding the use of jargon, and using consistent and reliable information when it comes to discussing the treatment plan with the patient (Cantaert et al., 2022)
Physical contact or body gesture- In health and social care scenarios, when it comes to providing reassurance or mental support to a patient, who is suffering from depression, healthcare workers can use physical contact as a style of communication (Ramsey et al., 2022).
Visual aids- use of text phones, speech synthesizers, translators, or interpreters are some methods of communication that an individual can use to express his feelings and requirements to the healthcare workers while availing healthcare services for needs (Nutbeam and Lloyd, 2021).
Written communication- this type of communication can be used in both formal and informal ways, by using legal documents, social media, reports, email, and so on.
Approaches to respond to individual’s reactions when communicating.
In a healthcare setup, adapting the reaction of individuals at the time of communication is important, specifically when it comes to carrying out an effective care approach. One of the approaches to responding to the patient’s reactions and preferences during communication is being empathetic (Nutbeam and Lloyd, 2021). Health and social care workers should be empathetic towards patients by acknowledging and validating the emotional needs and preferences of individuals with specific needs. Another approach is to adopt communication methods and styles by the care providers that suit the preferences of the patient (Morgan et al., 2017). For example, for a visually impaired patient, healthcare workers can use visual aids or bail to understand the needs and requirements of patients and provide them the quality service as per their needs. Active listening is another important approach when it comes to responding to the reaction of service users (Gradinger et al., 2015). In health and social care setup, care workers should respond to the patients as well as the hierarchy with patience and reassurance, which demonstrates the commitment to providing patient-centric care service.
In health and social care set up, effective communication is considered to be important in health and social care setup. However, like any other sector, several barriers can hinder the effective communication between the care providers and service users in a healthcare setup. In healthcare setup, some of the common effective communication barriers are:
Language barriers: this barrier can arise when healthcare workers and patients use different language styles and methods and have different levels of proficiency in a common language (Gradinger et al., 2015).
Physical barriers: noise, lack of consistency, and privacy, are the environmental factors that can make it difficult for patients to communicate with healthcare providers Cultural barriers: this barrier arises when both the service users and care workers come from different cultural backgrounds and perceive different cultural perceptions, customs, and values towards any specific matter (Schiavo, 2013).
Socio-psychological barriers: this can arise when a patient feels stigmatized or discriminated because of their health condition, and social and cultural status.
Emotional barriers: this can arise when patients are experiencing anxiety, depression, or any kind of emotional distress which can restrict patients from communicating effectively (Cantaert et al., 2022).
Ways to overcome the barriers of communication.
Overcoming the barrier of communication in health and social care is important to ensure that the quality care and medical support has been offered to the patient in accordance top his needs and requirements (Cantaert et al., 2022). To address the communication barriers, healthcare workers should employ interpreters, or use translators to bridge the gap between service seekers and service users. To avoid the physical barrier, healthcare workers can ensure that the privacy and integrity of the patients are being valued and maintained at the healthcare setup (Zahoor, 2021). Healthcare workers can take initiatives to reduce noise and promote an open platform of communication by maintaining confidentiality between professionals and patients can help to avoid physical barriers. To tackle the socio-psychological barrier, healthcare users can take the initiative of promoting a non-judgmental and inclusive environment, where the patient can feel respected, and valued regardless of their socio-cultural status and health condition (Mackreth and Walker, 2020). To avoid the emotional barriers in health and social care scenarios, it is important to integrate mental health support and services to encourage patients to deal with their depression, and anxiety by improving their communication skills effectively.
Access to extra support and services to enable individuals to effectively communicate.
To enable individuals at healthcare setup, effectively, they can access several supports and services, those include:
Interpreters or translators: a patient with a language barrier or lack of proficiency in the English language can get an interpreter or translators as extra support and services to communicate (Wright, 2020). This can be done through an in-house clinical team or referral services from local authorities.
Speech and language therapists: these specialists can help an individual with communication impairment to interact with healthcare providers and share his needs and experiences with others.
Charities and other organisations: these organizations or NGOs can offer advice as well as training to the care workers on how to communicate with patients in a better way and under certain conditions (Bensliman et al., 2022).
Technology- text-to-text speech software can support visually impaired patients to read or interact with care workers and professionals regarding their needs and assistance with healthcare setup.
Conclusion
To conclude this report, it can be stated that in health and social care settings, good communication is essential to providing high-quality care and assistance for people with particular needs. Forging meaningful bonds between healthcare professionals and patients requires overcoming obstacles including language, cultural gaps, and emotional difficulties. As per this report, it can be stated that improved communication can be acquired through different tactics like hiring translators, conducting cultural sensitivity training, and providing mental health care. Furthermore, the patient-centered approach is improved when individual preferences and reactions are acknowledged and addressed.
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References
Bensliman, R., Casini, A. and Mahieu, C., 2022. “Squeezed like a lemon”: A participatory approach on the effects of innovation on the well‐being of homecare workers in Belgium. Health & social care in the community, 30(4), pp.e1013-e1024.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/hsc.13506
Cantaert, G.R., Pype, P., Valcke, M. and Lauwerier, E., 2022. Interprofessional identity in health and social care: analysis and synthesis of the assumptions and conceptions in the literature. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(22), p.14799.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/22/14799
Gradinger, F., Britten, N., Wyatt, K., Froggatt, K., Gibson, A., Jacoby, A., Lobban, F., Mayes, D., Snape, D., Rawcliffe, T. and Popay, J., 2015. Values associated with public involvement in health and social care research: a narrative review. Health Expectations, 18(5), pp.661-675.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/hex.12158
Mackreth, P. and Walker, B., 2020. A Handbook for Support Workers in Health and Social Care: A Person-centred Approach. Routledge.https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=1ucJEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT12&dq=Establishment+of+communication+and+language+wishes+and+preferences+of+individuals+to+communicate+effectively+in+UK+in+health+and+social+care+setupin+Health+and+Social+Care&ots=z4sS5-p-Rz&sig=8h9tHG08B35zgu-kMGIZZPINsEw
Morgan, H.M., Entwistle, V.A., Cribb, A., Christmas, S., Owens, J., Skea, Z.C. and Watt, I.S., 2017. We need to talk about purpose: a critical interpretive synthesis of health and social care professionals’ approaches to self‐management support for people with long‐term conditions. Health Expectations, 20(2), pp.243-259.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/hex.12453
Moudatsou, M., Stavropoulou, A., Philalithis, A. and Koukouli, S., 2020, January. The role of empathy in health and social care professionals. In Healthcare (Vol. 8, No. 1, p. 26). MDPI. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/8/1/26
Nutbeam, D. and Lloyd, J.E., 2021. Understanding and responding to health literacy as a social determinant of health. Annu Rev Public Health, 42(1), pp.159-73.https://nursing.jhu.edu/excellence/community/global-center/documents/research-articles/Understanding and Responding to Health Literacy as a Social Determinant of Health.pdf
Ramsey, L., Albutt, A., Perfetto, K., Quinton, N., Baker, J., Louch, G. and O’Hara, J., 2022. Systemic safety inequities for people with learning disabilities: a qualitative integrative analysis of the experiences of English health and social care for people with learning disabilities, their families and carers. International Journal for Equity in Health, 21(1), pp.1-12.https://equityhealthj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12939-021-01612-1
Reddy, B.V. and Gupta, A., 2020. Importance of effective communication during COVID-19 infodemic. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 9(8), p.3793.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7586512/
Schiavo, R., 2013. Health communication: From theory to practice (Vol. 217). John Wiley & Sons.https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=vSBAAQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR15&dq=Reason+of+Communication+in+Health+and+Social+Care&ots=I3QFctZWGU&sig=GMvux0l5riN6uqeglIT6zP1aces
Wright, J., 2020. Technology in social care: review of the UK policy landscape. Sustainable Care Paper, 2.https://www.researchgate.net/profile/James-Wright-18/publication/344954182_Technology_in_social_care_a_review_of_the_UK_policy_landscape/links/5f9aeb8392851c14bcf12681/Technology-in-social-care-a-review-of-the-UK-policy-landscape.pdf
Zahoor, H., 2021. Substantial role of health communication in healthcare. Health & Science, pp.333-348.https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Funda-Karaman-2/publication/364345787_HEALTHSCIENCE2021-IIIpdf/links/6447a088017bc07902dad0e1/HEALTHSCIENCE2021-IIIpdf.pdf - page=334
Task 2: Presentation and report
Presentation slides and speaker notes:
Slide 1: Introduction
Notes: According to NHS, England, equality, diversity, and inclusion are considered to be important to develop a person-centered care approach in the healthcare setup. In the healthcare setup, equality focuses on the impartiality and equality with which healthcare workers can ensure that every individual with specific needs can avail of healthcare support based on their requirements (Kirton and Greene, 2015). On the other hand, diversity refers to valuing the different perceptions at the care setup, whereas inclusion promotes the development of such an environment at the healthcare setup, where every individual feels valued and part of the care service. In this presentation, focus will be given to understanding these three approaches within health and social care.
Slide 2: Explain the terms:
Notes: in the context of health and social care, equality refers to the equal and fair treatment of every individual, regardless of their socio-cultural perception, abilities, and livelihoods. Diversity refers to the difference between people in terms of their values, culture, and beliefs. When it comes to delivering care and medical support to the patient, it should be important for every care worker to promote diversity in health and social care which can lead to better decision-making and problem-solving approaches, and can improve the quality of health care services being delivered to the service seekers (Thompson, 2020).
Explain the impact of barriers to inclusion
Note: Barriers to inclusion can have a significant impact on the individuals and care setup. For example, physical barriers like lack of wheelchair access can prevent the physically impaired or older people from accessing health and social care support as per their needs. On the other hand, social barriers like discriminating against the patient based on his age, race, ethnicity, and health status can lead to the delivery of marginalized care services, which can be unable to meet the specific needs of the patient (Brett et al., 2014).
Explain the legislation relating to equality, diversity, and inclusion in service provision
Notes: In the healthcare system of the UK, there are several legislation available that focus on the importance of diversity, equality, and inclusion at the time of delivering healthcare services to the patient. Equality in the healthcare system can be ensured by the Equality Act 2010, which forbids discrimination based on protected characteristics (Curtis and Burns, 2015). On the other hand, the right to treat every patient, with dignity, and equality without discriminating against them based on their age, race, gender, or ethnicity, can be ensured by the Human Rights Act of 1998 (Aveyard, 2023). Reducing health inequities and guaranteeing equitable access to services are priorities of the Health and Social Care Act of 2012. The Care Act 2012 refers to improving the well-being of individuals and meeting the diversified needs of patients when offering them care and support. To promote the inclusive approach to healthcare service, Public Sector Equality Duty or PSED states that every healthcare provider should focus on equality and provide equal access to healthcare support to patients regardless of their ethnicity or nationality (Curtis and Burns, 2015). Collectively, this legislation preserves the value of equality, equity, and diversity when it comes to delivering care service to patients with specific needs.
Explain how to promote equality, diversity, and inclusion in work practice
Notes: Promoting equality, diversity, and inclusion in workplace setup or practices includes the implementation of multifaceted strategies or approaches. Regular training on diversity awareness can help health and social care workers to be culturally competent and develop of inclusive environment. On the other hand, the integration of inclusive policies can foster the provision of equal opportunities and ensure the development of such a healthcare setup, where the needs and requirements of service seekers and users are valued. On the other hand, tailoring a care plan to individuals’ needs refers to the provision of a personalised and patient-centric care plan based on the needs and requirements of the patients.
Conclusion
To conclude this presentation, it can be stated that:
Equality, diversity, and inclusion are three important aspects in health and social care scenario
Legislation like the Equality Act, of 2014, and other principles refer to the importance of implementing a regulative framework in health care to practice quality, and diversity and maintain inclusion while offering care support and services as healthcare workers to the care seekers.
References
Aveyard, H., 2023. Doing a Literature Review in Health and Social Care: A Practical Guide 5e.https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=65W1EAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=inclusion+diversity,+and+equality+at+health+and+social+care+ovf+UK&ots=dYX6wWYOXB&sig=7qnLjpOX_a2X2VEUI-u8zoVu0D0
Brett, J.O., Staniszewska, S., Mockford, C., Herron‐Marx, S., Hughes, J., Tysall, C. and Suleman, R., 2014. Mapping the impact of patient and public involvement on health and social care research: a systematic review. Health expectations, 17(5), pp.637-650https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1369-7625.2012.00795.x.
Curtis, L.A. and Burns, A., 2015. Unit costs of health and social care 2015. Personal Social Services Research Unit.https://kar.kent.ac.uk/60240/1/full (1).pdf
Kirton, G. and Greene, A.M., 2015. The dynamics of managing diversity: A critical approach. Routledge.https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=vTw-CgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=inclusion+diversity,+and+equality+at+health+and+social+care+ovf+UK&ots=0IfdDnytd6&sig=ZGIa5rtzTu9tDYsZ9G5HbF4KbCk
Thompson, N., 2020. Anti-discriminatory practice: Equality, diversity and social justice. Bloomsbury Publishing.https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=-fFGEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=inclusion+diversity,+and+equality+at+health+and+social+care+ovf+UK&ots=QM8QOI-Y98&sig=f6CF0kLU2KdSt2yWLHRrlHtiC6c
Report: Inclusion, Diversity and Equality At healthcare setup
Introduction
Healthcare organisations have the responsibility to provide high-quality and person-centric care and services to individuals with specific needs. Therefore, it is important to improve diversity and inclusion in the healthcare setup for patients and associates alike. Diversity equality, and inclusion can enhance the experiences of the service users. In this report, focus has to be given to equality, diversity, and inclusion in health and social care scenarios along with the highlight of legislation to protect equality, and diversity at respective workplace setups.
Discussion
Explain the terms- Equality, Diversity and Inclusion
Equality- in health and social care setup, equality refers to the practice of ensuring that every individual is receiving a similar level of care and treatment regardless of their circumstances, social status, and background (OSHIKANLU, 2023). This means that health and social care workers should treat every patient with dignity and respect while providing them care support, and medical services.
Diversity- in an organisation, diversity refers to a workplace setup comprised of people who come from different races, ethnic backdrops, and nationalities along with different perceptions (Thompson, 2020). On the other hand, diversity in health and social care refers to recognise and respect the different perceptions of the people, as it is important to deliver quality care that is equitable, consistent, and person-centric.
Inclusion – in health and social care, inclusion refers to an approach where individuals or groups with different backgrounds are accepted culturally and treated equally (Kirton and Greene, 2015). It is an approach, to accepting every person as an individual which can help both the care providers and patients at the healthcare setup to develop a sense of belonging and being respectful to each other.
The impact of barriers to inclusion
In any health and social care setup, identity exclusion, stereotyping, and biases can be considered as the main barriers to implementing inclusion in real-time practice (Wolbring and Nguyen, 2023). Barriers to implementing inclusion in health and social care practice can have a significant impact on the quality of care provided to individuals. These barriers include the lack of access to adequate healthcare services, inadequate communication between patients and care providers, and discrimination against the patient and care workers based on their age, gender, ethnicity, and nationalities (Schwarz, 2023). Barriers to implementing inclusion in health and social care practice can restrict equitable access to services, which can highlight the existence of health disparities in practice. On the other hand, discrimination based on race, age, gender, disabilities, and socio-economies can marginalize the care approach which in turn can impact negatively the quality of the care services being offered to the patient at NHS or any healthcare setup (Elovainio et al., 2023). Language barriers can be considered as another barrier to inclusion, which can improve effective communication and lead to suboptimal treatment.
Legislation related to equality, diversity, and inclusion in service provision
The Equality Act 2010 is a UK-based legislation that aims to protect people or patients from discrimination. On the other hand, the Human Rights Act of 1998 incorporates the European Convention on Human Rights in the UK law which ensures that every individual including health and social care workers, professionals, and patients has the fundamental rights and freedom to access basic care support and equal opportunities to live a healthy livelihood (Schwarz, 2023). Additionally, there is the Health and Social Care Act, of 2012, and the Care Act of 2014 which provide a framework to implement an inclusive and equitable environment of healthcare service provision for the service users (Thompson, 2020).
The way to promote equality diversity and inclusion in work practice.
In order to promote equality, diversity, and inclusion in the workplace, specifically in health and social care setup, it is important to develop a culture of respect, understandings and equality. This can be accomplished by implementing inclusive policies and legislative principles into place, conducting frequent diversity training, and educating people about unconscious prejudices (Thompson, 2020). A more inclusive atmosphere is facilitated by actively seeking out other viewpoints and promoting open discussion.
Conclusion
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To conclude this report, it can be stated that inclusion, equality, and diversity are three important factors when it comes to promoting quality health and social care set up at any healthcare organisation. there are several legislative principles like the Equality Act, Care Act, and so on which provide a proper legal framework to implement inclusion, diversity, and equality in workplace setup.
References
Elovainio, M., Komulainen, K., Sipilä, P.N., Pulkki-Råback, L., Alonso, L.C., Pentti, J., Nyberg, S.T., Suominen, S., Vahtera, J., Lipsanen, J. and Batty, G.D., 2023. Association of social isolation and loneliness with risk of incident hospital-treated infections: an analysis of data from the UK Biobank and Finnish Health and Social Support studies. The Lancet Public Health, 8(2), pp.e109-e118.https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/article/PIIS2468-2667(22)00253-5/fulltext?ref=upstract.com
Kirton, G. and Greene, A.M., 2015. The dynamics of managing diversity: A critical approach. Routledge.https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=vTw-CgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=inclusion+diversity,+and+equality+at+health+and+social+care+ovf+UK&ots=0IfdDnytd6&sig=ZGIa5rtzTu9tDYsZ9G5HbF4KbCk
OSHIKANLU, C.M.R.N.R., 2023. DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION IN RESEARCH. Navigating the Maze of Research: Enhancing Nursing and Midwifery Practice, p.154.https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=TbSvEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA154&dq=inclusion+diversity,+and+equality+at+health+and+social+care+ovf+UK&ots=E1Ol6BtxkU&sig=0-ymds8YKLb3zrnB9kAXcxglIuU
Schwarz, S.K., 2023. Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in the Journal and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie, pp.1-5.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12630-023-02478-3
Thompson, N., 2020. Anti-discriminatory practice: Equality, diversity and social justice. Bloomsbury Publishing.https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=-fFGEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=inclusion+diversity,+and+equality+at+health+and+social+care+ovf+UK&ots=QM8QOI-Y98&sig=f6CF0kLU2KdSt2yWLHRrlHtiC6c
Wolbring, G. and Nguyen, A., 2023. Equity/Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, and Other EDI Phrases and EDI Policy Frameworks: A Scoping Review. Trends in Higher Education, 2(1), pp.168-237.https://www.mdpi.com/2813-4346/2/1/11
