7500BEQR Health Safety Productivity Assignment

Introduction

Background

Health & safety protocol refers to the precautionary measures that should be incorporated in the organization for reducing the accidents and health risk. Ineffective alignment with all the health and safety protocol creates negative impact on the overall productivity and performance of business entity. By following all the health and safety protocol an organization will be able to reduce the scope of risk and accident that eventually enhances the firm’s reputation. Mostotrest is Russia’s largest construction organization which was established in the year of 1930 and it’s headquarter is situated at Moscow. The firm is involved towards constructing rails, bridge and other highways. Organization is having net profit of 3882.99 million pound and employs more than 15729 workers in the year of 2023 (Description of Mostotrest, 2024). Employee’s productivity refers to the capability of workers in effectively attaining organization’s goals and objectives. This proposal is intended to study the influence of health and safety protocol on employee’s productivity within construction industry.

Rationale

The current study is based on determining changes in the workers’ productivity due to health & safety protocol. In the construction industry, there is a high rate of accident which creates necessity for each organization to follow all the health and safety protocol that helps in mitigating risk and avoiding the legal obligation (Ajmal, Isha and Nordin, 2021). It is worth noting that employees’ productivity plays a crucial role in enhancing organization’s overall profitability and performance. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the impact of health and safety protocol on the productivity of employees within construction industry of Russia. Thematic analysis will be used to shed light on the extent to which worker’s productivity is influenced from safety protocol.

Aims and objective

Aims

The aim behind conducting current study is to assess the influence of health and safety protocol on worker’s productivity within Mostotrest.

Objectives:

• To evaluate health and safety protocol within Russia’s construction industry.
• To analysis factors impacting employees’ productivity within construction industry of Russia.
• To examine interrelationship between health and safety protocol and workers’ productivity in Mostotrest.
• To suggest competent strategies to Mostotrest for enhancing the workers’ productivity.

Research Question

 Q1. What are the various health and safety protocols related to Russia’s construction industry?

Q2. What are the numerous factors that influence the productivity of Mostotrest employees?

Q3. What is relationship between workers’ productivity and health and safety protocol?

Significance

The present study contributes highly towards creating awareness regarding the significance of aligning with health & safety protocol. Current study will direct other manager of construction industry regarding the necessity of managing the employees’ productivity (Kwon and Lee, 2021). Furthermore, the study will provide various measures through which health risk and issues of employees could be reduced. Lastly, the study will act as a recommendation point for conducting the future study and gaining in-depth information.

Literature Review

According to view point of Antão et al, (2019) there are large number of health and safety regulation which an organization needs to follow for providing safer working environment to the employees. The constitution of Russian federation has established Health & Safety legislation (2001) within the country. It has been identified that organization should align with Article 37 of Health and safety legislation which indicates that entire useful resources should be available at workplace for safeguarding employees from the entire health hazard (Health and safety regulation in Russia, 2024). Further, Ranasinghe et al, (2023) stated that each organization should align with the Occupational Health and Safety Law (OSH) which helps in providing an adequate working environment (Occupational health and safety Law, 2023). This law depicts that safety is the crucial responsibility of each employer and rights of workers within the construction industry. This legislation describes that business entity should take effective measures for reducing the noise level, enhancing quality and limiting exposures to the hazardous substance.

Along with this SMMSK and Perera (2022) explicated that company should involved toward initiating risk assessment for determining all the potential health hazards at the workplace and emphasis on taking preventative measures for mitigating all the risk. For example: Mostotrest provide its employees with personal protecting equipment (PPE) and regular training for effectively using such equipment which helps in reducing the level of accident and associated risk. In support of this, Tukhvatulin et al, (2021) stated that companies should provide OSH procedure and regulation training to its employees which help in carrying out the entire task safely. Further, Russian law mandate that medical examination should be regularly carried out as to determine health issue of employees.

Based on the view point of Brosseau and Li (2023) there is large number of factors that impact the overall productivity of employees within the construction industry. It has been identified that compensation is the major factor influencing employee’s productivity. Organization which is providing incentives on the basis of employees’ performance is able to motivate workers leading to enhancing overall productivity. In construction industry most of the employees risk their lives as to fulfil their financial needs. Moreover, Maduranga and Harshani (2024) stated that company’s culture also has huge impact on worker’s productivity. All the organization which is promoting open communication, respecting diversity and respecting employees’ needs is able to promote positive culture. This culture also results in mitigating scope of conflict that construction place eventually lead to enhancing overall employees’ productivity. 

Along with this Matar (2019) explicated that employee’s productive is highly influenced by the growth opportunity prevailing within the organization. With the help of adequate training and development session, firm is able to enhance skill and competence of workers that eventually leads to boosting their efficiency. For example: Mostorest is involved towards conducting regular survey for identifying employee’s need based on which adequate T&D session are arranged. This helps in developing employee’s competencies which eventually result in higher productivity. According to view point of Mutegi, Joshua and Kinyua (2023) Health and safety protocol also have huge impact on overall productivity of workers. By aligning with health regulation, organizations are able to provide safer working environment which helps in increasing overall satisfaction of employees. Further, a satisfied employee generally work more efficiently that result in higher productivity. On the other hand, Olanipekun and Jiboku (2021) stated that due to non-compliance with all the protocol company is not able to manage workers’ stress which eventually leads to increasing employees’ turnover rate. Further, ineffective health measures at workplace result in raising mental and physical issue which eventually leads to reducing overall productivity.

 Moreover, Othman (2019) stated that Health and safety regulation guide leaders regarding the various resources that should be available at the construction sites that further helps in avoiding accident. Further, this resources support in providing adequate treatment on timely basis which will help in reducing long term impact of particular accident. Firm’s concern over employee’s health results in developing trust and confidence within workers which eventually result in enhancing overall productivity. On the critical point, Passetti et al, (2020) stated that health and safety protocol mainly focuses on providing physical safety at workplace and lacks an in-depth regulation for mental well-being of employees. Due to the ineffective concern over metal well-being, an employee is not able to concentrate on their task which result into reduction overall productivity.

Literature Gap

Earlier researches have been initiated to determine the importance of health and safety protocol for avoiding legal obligations (Logunov et al, 2021). However, business entities have not considered significance of health and safety protocol on the working environment and productivity of employees. In this regard, current study will provide all the positive and negative impact on caused by health and safety protocol on worker’s performance.

Research Methodology

Research Ontology

Research ontology implies to one’s view regarding reality and measures by which reality could be captured (Taherdoost, 2022). There are two methods of research ontology which includes objectivism and subjectivism ontology. Objective ontology excludes social actors and only considered statistical data. Subjectivism ontology is related to the social phenomena in which perception of social actor are crucial. In the context of present study, subjectivism ontology will be used as it helps in providing adequate conclusion after critically evaluating collected data. This method supports in uncovering valuable information by understanding respondent perspective and experience.

Research Philosophy

Research philosophy refers to the system of belief and assumption which is followed while collecting and analysing data. Philosophy is usually divided into two broad classes which include interpretivism and positivism philosophy (Kamper, 2020). Interpretivism philosophy indicates that reality is subjective, socially constructed and multiple which could be understood through individual’s perception. Positivism philosophy is based on belief that only measurable data should be considered in the research. For identifying the impact of safety and health protocol, researcher will use interpretivism philosophy. This method has been selected as it is based on exploring individual’s experience and meaning which aids in getting deeper understanding of social phenomena. This method also includes cross cultural studies which assists in gaining better understanding of complex issue.

Research Approach

Research approach refers to the step and procedure followed to gather, analyse and interpret the information. There are two major kind of research approach which includes inductive and deductive. Inductive approach includes developing concept, hypothesis and theories after observing the collected information (Mulisa, 2022). Deductive approach implies to the process in which hypothesis and theories will be formed as to test the collected data. In the present study, inductive approach will be utilized that support in exploring the new ideas and beliefs related to the research issue. This method also provides freedom to form numerous assumption which helps in gaining better insight of the research problem. Inductive approach also helps in capturing the complexity of real world phenomena which aids in effectively understanding research topic.

Research Type

Research type refers to the organized inquiry which is conduction for solving particular problem and issue. Some of the most common method of research type includes qualitative and quantitative type (Saunders et al, 2019). Qualitative research implies to the process of the gathering and evaluating non numerical information to better understand experience and concept (Tamminen and Poucher, 2020). Quantitative type is related to testing casual relationship, generalizing results and making prediction based on patterns and averages. For determining influence of health and safety protocol on employees’ productivity, qualitative study will be conducted by researcher. This method will be used as it helps in capturing new belief and support in gaining more targeted and versatile information. Along with this, it is difficult to record impact of protocol in numerical manner which result in opting for qualitative study.

Data Collection

Data collection implies to method of collecting and evaluating information from various sources as to get deep understanding of research issue. Data collection is classified into two broad categories that include primary and secondary method. Primary data collection is related to collecting first hand and original information from the individual who have faced the situation (Saliya, 2023). Secondary data collection refers to the process of gathering information from the already published sources. For identifying the impact in current study, both data collection method will be used by the researcher i.e. primary and secondary. Primary method will help in gaining real life information of the respondent that aids in better understanding the issue. In this context, 25 employees of Mostotrest will be chosen on which survey will be initiated by using questionnaires. Along with this, secondary research will also be conducted which support in collecting wide information in limited time and cost. In this regard, various blogs, journals, website, government publication and article will be analysed by researcher.

Sampling

Sampling refers to choosing some respondent from the total population as to collect all the required information. In the context of current study, random sampling method will be used to select 25 workers for survey.

Data Analysis

Data analysis implies to process of systematically applying logical and statistical tool for cleaning, modelling and transforming data. Two major method of analysing data includes thematic approach and SPSS (Mazhar et al, 2021). For determining the impact of health protocol on the employee performance, thematic data analysis method will be used by research. This method has been selected as it support in exploring new concept and opinion from the qualitative data. Under this, six step method will be used which help in effectively evaluating qualitative information. This method supports in providing comprehensive understanding of socio- cultural context and experience of the respondent. Further, various graphs and pie chart will be formulated for better representing the information.

Plan And Resources

Task Mode	Task Name	Duration	Start	Finish	Predecessors
1	Initiation	6 days	Thu 12-12-24	Thu 19-12-24
2	Identifying research topic	2 days	Thu 12-12-24	Fri 13-12-24
3	Drafting briefing document	4 days	Mon 16-12-24	Thu 19-12-24	2
4	Planning	10 days	Fri 20-12-24	Thu 02-01-25
5	Setting aims and objective	5 days	Fri 20-12-24	Thu 26-12-24	3
6	Choosing research method	3 days	Fri 27-12-24	Tue 31-12-24	5
7	Identifying required resources	2 days	Wed 01-01-25	Thu 02-01-25	6,5
8	Execution	26 days	Fri 03-01-25	Fri 07-02-25
9	Allocating resources	4 days	Fri 03-01-25	Wed 08-01-25	7
10	Analysing secondary study for literature review	8 days	Thu 09-01-25	Mon 20-01-25	6,9
11	Drafting questionnaires	3 days	Tue 21-01-25	Thu 23-01-25	5,10
12	Conducting survey for primary data	4 days	Fri 24-01-25	Wed 29-01-25	11
13	Organizing data	1 day	Thu 30-01-25	Thu 30-01-25	12
14	Analyzing data	4 days	Fri 31-01-25	Wed 05-02-25	13
15	Recommendation and conclusion	2 days	Thu 06-02-25	Fri 07-02-25	14
16	Monitoring	5 days	Mon 10-02-25	Fri 14-02-25
17	Taking tutor’s feedback	2 days	Mon 10-02-25	Tue 11-02-25	15
18	Evaluating with set objective	3 days	Wed 12-02-25	Fri 14-02-25	17
19	Closure	6 days	Mon 17-02-25	Mon 24-02-25
20	Implementing changes	5 days	Mon 17-02-25	Fri 21-02-25	18
21	Final submission	1 day	Mon 24-02-25	Mon 24-02-25	20

For successfully carrying out all activities various resources will be required such as journals, books, technology, finance, websites and skilled Human resource.

Ethical Consideration

Ethical consideration refers to method of determining, evaluating and addressing the moral implication of particular policy and decision (Terry et al, 2019). While initiating present study, researcher will compile all the activities with university guidelines and LJMU’s ethics policy. Further, while initiating primary research, a consent form will be filled up by the respondent which define that information is collected after the approval of respondent. Further, all the data will be stored in digital form as to mitigate scope of data misuse. Along with this, research will be used random sampling method for selecting respondent that ensure that equitable opportunity has been provided to all the respondent. While collecting secondary data, researcher has concentrate over citing all the gained information which will define the original source of information. Further list will be attached at the end of the report as to concede contribution of original researcher.

Expected Deliverable And Outcome

Based on the above study, it has been identified that health and safety protocol huge impact on the overall productivity of the employees. Russian government has formulated various legislations with the aim of safeguarding employees from various health and safety issue. It has identified that health protocol guide organization regarding various measures that should be available at the workplace which help in providing timely treatment. Further, this protocol supports in enhancing employee satisfaction by concerning over their health which help in enhancing overall productivity.

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References

Books and Journals

Ajmal, M., Isha, A.S.N. and Nordin, S.M., 2021. Safety management practices and occupational health and safety performance: an empirical review. Jinnah Bus Rev, 9(2), pp.15-33.

Antão, P., Calderón, M., Puig, M., Michail, A., Wooldridge, C. and Darbra, R.M., 2016. Identification of occupational health, safety, security (OHSS) and environmental performance indicators in port areas. Safety science, 85, pp.266-275.

Brosseau, L.M. and Li, S.Y., 2005. Small business owners' health and safety intentions: A cross-sectional survey. Environmental Health, 4(1), pp.1-9.

Kamper, S.J., 2020. Types of research questions: descriptive, predictive, or causal. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 50(8), pp.468-469.

Kwon, C.Y. and Lee, B., 2021. Prevalence of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in community-dwelling dementia patients: A systematic review. Frontiers in psychiatry, 12, p.741059.

Logunov, D.Y., Dolzhikova, I.V., Shcheblyakov, D.V., Tukhvatulin, A.I., Zubkova, O.V., Dzharullaeva, A.S., Kovyrshina, A.V., Lubenets, N.L., Grousova, D.M., Erokhova, A.S. and Botikov, A.G., 2021. Safety and efficacy of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine: an interim analysis of a randomised controlled phase 3 trial in Russia. The Lancet, 397(10275), pp.671-681.

Maduranga, N.R.P. and Harshani, M.D.R., 2024. The Impact of Occupational Health and Safety Practices on Employees' Performance of Operational Level Employees in Apparel Industry in Sri Lanka. Kelaniya Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(1).

Matar, A., 2019. The role of occupational safety and health management in enhancing employee productivity in SMEs. Journal of University Studies for inclusive Research, 3(1), pp.243-260.

Mazhar, S.A., Anjum, R., Anwar, A.I. and Khan, A.A., 2021. Methods of data collection: A fundamental tool of research. Journal of Integrated Community Health (ISSN 2319-9113), 10(1), pp.6-10.

Mulisa, F., 2022. When Does a Researcher Choose a Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Research Approach?. Interchange, 53(1), pp.113-131.

Mutegi, T.M., Joshua, P.M. and Kinyua, J.M., 2023. Workplace Safety and Employee Productivity of Manufacturing Firms in Kenya. Cogent Business & Management, 10(2), p.2215569.

Olanipekun, L.O. and Jiboku, J.O.P., 2021. Occupational Health and Safety standards and employee performance in Nigeria: A Theoretical Exposition. Texas Journal of Medical Science, 1, pp.4-12.

Othman, A.A.E., 2012. A study of the causes and effects of contractors' non-compliance with the health and safety regulations in the South African construction industry. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 8(3), pp.180-191.

Passetti, E., Battaglia, M., Testa, F. and Heras-Saizarbitoria, I., 2020. Multiple control mechanisms for employee health and safety integration: effects and complementarity. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 33(7), pp.1595-1626.

Ranasinghe, U., Tang, L.M., Harris, C., Li, W., Montayre, J., de Almeida Neto, A. and Antoniou, M., 2023. A systematic review on workplace health and safety of ageing construction workers. Safety science, 167, p.106276.

Saliya, C.A., 2023. Research Philosophy: Paradigms, world views, perspectives, and theories. In Social Research Methodology and Publishing Results: A Guide to Non-Native English Speakers (pp. 35-51). IGI Global.

Saunders, M., N., K., & Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2019). RESEARCH METHODS FOR BUSINESS STUDENTS, 8TH Ed. New York: Pearson, ISBN 978-1-29-2208787-7.

SMMSK, B. and Perera, G.D.N., 2022. Impact of Health and Safety Practices on Employee Job Performance: Mediating Role of Employee Commitment in Selected Building Construction Companies in Sri Lanka. Partners Universal International Research Journal, 1(3), pp.1-12.

Taherdoost, H., 2022. What are different research approaches? Comprehensive Review of Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method research, their applications, types, and limitations. Journal of Management Science & Engineering Research, 5(1), pp.53-63.

Tamminen, K.A. and Poucher, Z.A., 2020. Research philosophies. In The Routledge international encyclopedia of sport and exercise psychology (pp. 535-549). Routledge.

Terry, G., Hayfield, N., Clarke, V. and Braun, V., 2019. Thematic analysis. The SAGE handbook of qualitative research in psychology, 2(17-37), p.25.

Tukhvatulin, A.I., Dolzhikova, I.V., Shcheblyakov, D.V., Zubkova, O.V., Dzharullaeva, A.S., Kovyrshina, A.V., Lubenets, N.L., Grousova, D.M., Erokhova, A.S., Botikov, A.G. and Izhaeva, F.M., 2021. An open, non-randomised, phase 1/2 trial on the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of single-dose vaccine “Sputnik Light” for prevention of coronavirus infection in healthy adults. The Lancet Regional Health–Europe, 11.

Uwishema, O., Sujanamulk, B., Abbass, M., Fawaz, R., Javed, A., Aboudib, K., Mahmoud, A., Oluyemisi, A. and Onyeaka, H., 2022. Russia-Ukraine conflict and COVID-19: a double burden for Ukraine's healthcare system and a concern for global citizens. Postgraduate medical journal, 98(1162), pp.569-571.

Online

Description of Mostotrest. 2024. Online. Available through: < https://pitchbook.com/profiles/company/97766-83#:~:text=Description,infrastructure%20and%20non%2Dinfrastructure%20projects.>

Health and safety regulation in Russia. 2024. Online. Available through: < https://webapps.ilo.org/dyn/legosh/en/f?p=14100:1100:0::NO:1100:P1100_ISO_CODE3,P1100_SUBCODE_CODE,P1100_YEAR:RUS,,2015:NO#:~:text=The%20Labour%20Code%20of%2030,interests%20of%20workers%20and%20employers.>

Occupational health and safety law. 2023. Online. Available through: < https://www.india-briefing.com/news/the-occupational-safety-health-working-conditions-osh-code-2020-a-primer-31265.html/#:~:text=The%20OSH%20Code%20directs%20authorities,of%20the%20OSH%20Code%3B%20and>