Identification Of The Factors Leading To Underage Drinking In The UK Assignment Sample

Identification Of The Factors Leading To Underage Drinking In The UK

Introduction - Identification Of The Factors Leading To Underage Drinking In The UK Assignment Sample

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Background Introduction

This report is based on the topic "Identification of the factors leading to underage drinking in the UK. According to the research, it has been identified that the UK is a high popularity country for the use of underage alcohol. Underage drinking occurs when an individual who is not of legal age to drink alcohol is engaging in alcohol drinking (Song et al, 2021). In 2018, 44% of the population whose age range were found to be between 11-15 years in England was reported to have consumed alcohol (Chen and Yoon, 2021). Researchers have documented many factors to explain underage alcohol drinking and use of illicit drugs among teenagers in the UK (Ehlers et al, 2020). Some of the factors documented were attributed to the fact that a significant number of this group of population engaged in this behavior out of curiosity of what alcohol does to people (Fulton, Baines and Bartle, 2019). Another reason was based on belief that alcohol offers form of relaxation, reduces stress and makes one to feel good (Barker et al, 2019). Studies have documented anxiety, higher risks for depression, and low self-esteem as part of the negative impacts of underage drinking on teenagers (Bhattacharya et al, 2018). Studies have also reported an increased risk of negative consequences of not only underage drinking but also of heavy binge drinking.

Research Aim and Objectives

Aim

The aim of this research paper is to identify and analyse the factors to underage drinking in the UK.

Objectives

• To identify the reason behind underage drinking in the country
• To examine the factors having negative impact on underage drinking among the teenagers.
• To analyse the impact of underage drinking on the health of teenagers
• To find out the strategies to decrease the rate of underage drinking

Research Questions

1. What are the reasons for high prevalence of underage drinking in the UK?
2. Which factors have negative impact on teenagers underage drinking?
3. What strategies can be used by UK to decrease the rate of underage drinking among teenagers?

The rationale for the Research

The researcher needs to know about the factors that have caused a negative impact on teenagers regarding underage drinking. The researcher will need to first understand the reasons behind the intake of alcohol by teenagers.

This is because underage drinking has been causing serious problems among children between the age of 11-18 years. After understanding the reasons for underage drinking, the researcher will progress to explore the impacts of alcohol on the health of teenagers in the UK. With the help of literature papers, the study will get clarity and understanding about the topic. The main rationale of this study is to understand the reasons for the increasing rate of underage drinkers and to gain insights into negative impacts on teenagers.

Literature review

Reasons for underage drinking

As per the viewpoints of Healey et al (2014), stated that it is illegal to buy alcohol for someone under the age of 18 years. It has been identified that teenagers aged between 15-17 years can drink wine, beer if it is bought by an adult. It has been examined that there are many reasons because of which teenagers drink alcohol (Adekeye et al, 2019). Such as peer pressure, lack of parental boundaries, stress, anxiety, environmental influences, and so on. According to the authors, it is dangerous for teenagers to drink alcohol which has caused many problems such as social problems, school problems, physical problems, alcohol poisoning, and so on.

 Factors leading to the underage drinking

McBride et al (2014), stated that 25.1% of underage individuals consumed alcohol and approximately 15.8% were classified as binge drinkers. In the UK, it has been identified that females are considered as binge drinkers than males (Monyipote 2018). It has been identified that there are many factors that have been associated with drinking among the teenagers such as early introduction to alcohol, access to cheap alcohol, poor educational achievement, money to spend, friends who drink heavily, long periods of unsupervised time, access to alcohol from parents, truancy, and so on. Due to these factors, underage drinking among teenagers has been increasing which has led to serious problems.

Impact of underage drinking on the health of teenagers

Fulton, Baines and Bartle (2019), stated that the occurrence of underage drinking remains high in the UK. Analysis in this domain revealed that consumption of alcohol among adolescent has been linked to poor health conditions such as depression, anxiety, suicide, poor sexual health, and poor brain (Fulton, Baines and Bartle, 2019). Studies have further shown that the negative impact of underage drinking on teenagers is high (Dehos 2022). According to Fulton, Baines and Bartle (2019), it has been examined that 90% of the parents believed that adults drink due to peer pressure, and enjoy experimenting. Among them, 62.6% of the parents have agreed that drinking alcohol by adults is a natural part of growing up. From this research paper, it has examined that there are several health consequences of adolescent alcohol involvement which include accidents, other mortality factors (suffocation, coma, resulting in respiration failure, and death), other drug use, withdrawal & hangover, chronic effects (hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, anemia, and so on), liver function, future problems, and so on.

Strategies to decrease the rate of underage drinking

Harding et al (2016), stated that underage drinking & its associated problems have thoughtful negative consequences for themselves, their families, society, and their communities. It has been identified that underage drinking funds to a wide range of costly health and social problems such as suicide, motor vehicle crashes, unintentional injuries such as drowning burns, and falls, and so on. According to the authors, alcohol is a factor in the deaths of approximately 4300 youths in the country per year. With the help of this research paper, there are some effective underage drinking prevention policies that have been found out such as retail availability which include dram shop liability, false identification, discretionary server- seller training, and keg registration, social availability which consists of social host liability and hosting of underage drinking parties, and pricing which include restrictions on drink specials, and increasing alcohol tax rates. These are some preventions strategies that can decrease the rate of underage drinking among teenagers in the UK.

Methods and Methodologies

Data collection method

The secondary data collection method will be used by the researcher. The secondary data is a type of method which has already been collected by the other user.

 Under the secondary source of data collection method, the literature review will be used by the researcher (Johnston 2017). This method will take time to collect the appropriate solution to a given problem but will give an in-depth description of the problem. The researcher will require patience to find out the suitable papers that can fit with the given problem. The topic that has been chosen for this research proposal is vast so it will b easy for the researcher to find suitable papers for the solution.

Research philosophy

Research Philosophy is a belief about the ways in which the data about the topic will be collected and analyzed by the researcher. The positivism philosophy will be used to find out the impacts and factors of underage drinking habits in the UK. This philosophy will be used because it adheres to the factual knowledge that will be gained through observations and previous results which have already been collected by the other users (Tariq et al, 2018).

Research approach

The study will be employ an inductive approach for this research proposal because the results will be analyzed through the help of theories and observations. The theoretical concepts will be used to identify and analyze the data that will be collected by the researcher. The inductive approach means that the researcher will conclude a specific set of observations for this topic.

Research design

The research design is a framework of reach methods and techniques chosen by a researcher. The quantitative research design will be used by the researcher because this research will be based on the theoretical aspects that can be found out with the literature review (Ong and Puteh, 2017). It has been identified that the quantitative research designs are either descriptive or experimental. Quantitative research is a process of collecting and analyzing theoretical data.

Ethical issues

It is important to understand the ethical issues of the research project so that the researcher can keep the information confidential. It is important for the researcher to secure the personal information who is involved in the research work so that the researcher can protect their information (Salari and Larijani, 2017). Some ethical issues that have to be kept in kind by the researcher include confidentiality, the potential for harm, results communication, voluntary participation, and so on. The data that will be retrieved by the research from the previous papers must be cited so that the research will not face any problems related to plagiarism and collision. The consent of another person who is involved in this research project must be had with the researcher so that if the information will use they will not face any problem. The identity of this research study must be confidential. It has been identified that it is crucial to maintain ethical consideration so the research has to protect the information.

Expected results/ Findings

It has been found out that it is important to get knowledge of the increasing rate of underage drinking in the UK. With the help of literature reviews, it has been identified that there are several reasons for underage drinking habits such as peer pressure, lack of parental boundaries, stress, anxiety, environmental influences, and so on. It has also been identified that alcohol is very dangerous for the health of teenagers that has led to major health problems. Some factors have also been identified that have been leading to underage drinking which includes access to cheap alcohol, poor educational achievement, money to spend, friends who drink heavily, long periods of unsupervised time, access to alcohol from parents, and truancy. According to the authors, several prevention strategies should be applied to decrease the rate of underage drinkings such as retail availability which include dram shop liability, false identification, discretionary server- seller training, and keg registration, social availability which consists of social host liability and hosting of underage drinking parties, and pricing which includes restrictions on drink specials and increasing alcohol tax rates. It has been found out that underage drinking has led to several health problems such as depression, anxiety, suicide, poor sexual health, and also a negative impact on the development of the brain. Based on the data and insights that have been identified and analyzed by the researcher, these are some findings that have been examined by the researcher. With these findings, all the objectives have been fulfilled by the researcher while answering all the questions properly.

Conclusion

It has been concluded that the UK is a highly popular country for the use of underage alcohol. Peer pressure, anxiety, lack of parental boundaries is some of the reasons for underage drinking that have been identified by the researcher. When adults have purchased the alcohol before the age of 18 years then it is considered illegal in the UK. It has also been identified that the number of binge female drinkers is more than the number of male drinkers in the UK. It has also been examined that it has caused serious problems to the teenagers like it to affect their physical and mental health which has caused many problems related to social, school, and so on. With the help of analysis, the research has got the clarity related to the use of this topic and has examined a detailed description of the given topic

References

Fulton, E., Baines, D. and Bartle, N., 2019. Underage drinking as a natural part of growing up: a UK study of parental beliefs. Drugs and Alcohol Today.

Harding, F.M., Hingson, R.W., Klitzner, M., Mosher, J.F., Brown, J., Vincent, R.M., Dahl, E. and Cannon, C.L., 2016. Underage drinking: a review of trends and prevention strategies. American journal of preventive medicine, 51(4), pp.S148-S157.

Healey, C., Rahman, A., Faizal, M. and Kinderman, P., 2014. Underage drinking in the UK: changing trends, impact and interventions. A rapid evidence synthesis. International Journal of Drug Policy, 25(1), pp.124-132.

Johnston, M.P., 2017. Secondary data analysis: A method of which the time has come. Qualitative and quantitative methods in libraries, 3(3), pp.619-626.

Maghsoudi, R. and Kuofie, M., 2019. Health Issue: Understanding Underage Drinking. International Journal of Health and Economic Development, 5(2), pp.10-20.

McBride, N.M., Barrett, B., Moore, K.A. and Schonfeld, L., 2014. The role of positive alcohol expectancies in underage binge drinking among college students. Journal of American College Health, 62(6), pp.370-379.

Ong, M.H.A. and Puteh, F., 2017. Quantitative data analysis: Choosing between SPSS, PLS, and AMOS in social science research. International Interdisciplinary Journal of Scientific Research, 3(1), pp.14-25.

Salari, P. and Larijani, B., 2017. Ethical issues surrounding personalized medicine: a literature review. Acta Medica Iranica, pp.209-217.

Tariq, J., Sajjad, A., Zakar, R., Zakar, M.Z. and Fischer, F., 2018. Factors associated with undernutrition in children under the age of two years: secondary data analysis based on the Pakistan demographic and health survey 2012–2013. Nutrients, 10(6), p.676.

Adekeye, O.A., Omumu, F., Chenube, O.O., Amoo, E.O., Adeusi, S.O. and Solarin, M.A., 2019. Public college students’ perception of underage drinking in Nigeria: Analysis of current issues. Global Journal of Health Science, 11(7), pp.164-175.

Song, J., Ip, K.I., Yan, J., Lui, P.P., Kamata, A. and Kim, S.Y., 2021. Pathways linking ethnic discrimination and drug-using peer affiliation to underage drinking status among Mexican-origin adolescents. Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology.

Chen, C.M. and Yoon, Y.H., 2021. Surveillance Report# 116: Trends in Underage Drinking in the United States, 1991–2019.

Ehlers, C.L., Geisler, J.R., Luna, J.A., Gilder, D.A., Calac, D., Lee, J.P. and Moore, R.S., 2020. Community awareness of outreach efforts to reduce underage drinking on California Indian reservations. American Indian and Alaska native mental health research (Online), 27(1), p.21.

Fulton, E., Baines, D. and Bartle, N., 2019. Underage drinking as a natural part of growing up: a UK study of parental beliefs. Drugs and Alcohol Today.

Barker, A.B., Whittamore, K., Britton, J., Murray, R.L. and Cranwell, J., 2019. A content analysis of alcohol content in UK television. Journal of Public Health, 41(3), pp.462-469.

Monyipote, S.N.D., 2018. Exploring factors contributing towards underage drinking in Noblehoek community in Mopani District in Limpopo (Doctoral dissertation).

Dehos, F.T., 2022. Underage access to alcohol and its impact on teenage drinking and crime. Journal of health economics, 81, p.102555.

Bhattacharya, A., Angus, C., Pryce, R., Holmes, J., Brennan, A. and Meier, P.S., 2018. How dependent is the alcohol industry on heavy drinking in England?. Addiction, 113(12), pp.2225-2232.

Fulton, E., Baines, D. and Bartle, N., 2019. Underage drinking as a natural part of growing up: a UK study of parental beliefs. Drugs and Alcohol Today.